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Summary

This is a journal article on GIS Modeling and Analysis. The content includes: the management of land relies heavily on information, and with the advent of computers and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), data processing and analysis have become more quantitative. This shift has allowed for the exploration of complex spatial issues and modeling of land-related data. However, the impact of this technology on decision-making and understanding is still evolving. Data is the foundation, followed by information, knowledge, and ultimately wisdom. GIS, when used effectively, can contribute to all four stages, particularly by facilitating understanding through the exchange of diverse interpretations of spatial data and information. The future of GIS goes beyond data mapping and management, emphasizing spatial reasoning and dialogue to foster common understanding. This requires both the GIS community and users to embrace new modeling and analysis approaches for effective decision-making and problem-solving.